Why is inch water measured at 60°F?

Because the density of water changes with temperature, the inch water unit is specified at 60°F to standardize pressure measurements.

What is kilogram-force per square millimeter used for?

It is used to express mechanical stresses such as tensile or yield strength of metals and contact stresses in mechanical parts.

Is kilogram-force per square millimeter an SI unit?

No, it is a non-SI gravitational unit and is less commonly used in modern standardized engineering contexts.

How to Convert from Inch Water (60°F) [inAq] to Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter

Learn how to convert pressure from inch water at 60°F to kilogram-force per square millimeter with our easy-to-use online unit converter. Understand the applications and limitations of these units.

Inch water (60°F) [inAq]

Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter

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Inch water (60°F) [inAq] to Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter Conversion Table

Inch water (60°F) [inAq]	Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter

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Inch water (60°F) [inAq] to Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter Conversion Table
Inch water (60°F) [inAq]	Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter

Explore More Pressure Units Converter

What Is This Tool?

This tool allows you to convert pressure measurements from inch water (60°F), which reflects the hydrostatic pressure of water at a specific temperature, to kilogram-force per square millimeter, a unit used to express mechanical stress or pressure.

How to Use This Tool?

Enter the pressure value in inch water (60°F).
Select inch water (60°F) as the source unit.
Choose kilogram-force per square millimeter as the target unit.
Click the convert button to obtain the corresponding value.

Key Features

Converts pressure from inch water (60°F) to kilogram-force per square millimeter accurately.
Browser-based tool requiring no installation or setup.
Supports pressure units commonly used in HVAC, gas service, and materials engineering.
Provides easy-to-understand unit definitions and practical use cases.

Examples

10 inch water (60°F) equals 0.000253749 kilogram-force per square millimeter.
100 inch water (60°F) equals 0.00253749 kilogram-force per square millimeter.

Common Use Cases

Measuring duct and filter pressure drops in HVAC systems.
Specifying low pressures for residential gas service and regulator settings.
Interpreting manometer and differential-pressure sensor readings for ventilation and cleanroom control.
Reporting tensile or yield strength of metals using kilogram-force per square millimeter in materials testing.
Specifying contact or bearing stresses in mechanical components.

Tips & Best Practices

Ensure consistent temperature conditions of 60°F when using inch water measurements for accuracy.
Verify whether kilogram-force per square millimeter is suitable or if conversion to SI units like pascals is needed.
Use this conversion to align low-pressure readings with mechanical stress contexts when analyzing data.

Limitations

Inch water unit depends on precise temperature due to water density variations, requiring consistent 60°F reference.
Kilogram-force per square millimeter is a non-SI unit and less favored in modern engineering standards.
Additional conversions may be necessary for universal application in standardized systems.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is inch water measured at 60°F?: Because the density of water changes with temperature, the inch water unit is specified at 60°F to standardize pressure measurements.
What is kilogram-force per square millimeter used for?: It is used to express mechanical stresses such as tensile or yield strength of metals and contact stresses in mechanical parts.
Is kilogram-force per square millimeter an SI unit?: No, it is a non-SI gravitational unit and is less commonly used in modern standardized engineering contexts.

Key Terminology

Inch water (60°F) [inAq]: A pressure unit representing the hydrostatic pressure from a 1-inch column of water at 60°F, used for measuring small pressure differences.
Kilogram-force/sq. millimeter (kgf/mm²): A non-SI gravitational unit expressing pressure or stress as one kilogram-force applied on one square millimeter.

Quick Knowledge Check

What does inch water (60°F) measure?

Hydrostatic pressure from a column of water at 60°F

Mechanical stress on materials

Gas flow rate in residential systems

Kilogram-force per square millimeter is primarily used to report:

Temperature in water density calculations

Tensile or yield strength of metals

Air pressure in HVAC ducts

What is a limitation of using inch water as a unit?

It requires conversion to pascals

It depends on water temperature for accuracy

It cannot measure low pressures

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